[
  {
    "id": 1,
    "question": "What is horizontal scaling?",
    "options": {
      "A": "Adding more CPU and RAM to one machine",
      "B": "Reducing system load",
      "C": "Upgrading the operating system",
      "D": "Adding more machines to the network"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": 2,
    "question": "In distributed systems, replication helps with:",
    "options": {
      "A": "Fault tolerance",
      "B": "Increasing latency",
      "C": "Reducing decentralization",
      "D": "Removing consensus"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": 3,
    "question": "A message broker provides:",
    "options": {
      "A": "Direct database access",
      "B": "Temporal decoupling between producer and consumer",
      "C": "Strong consistency",
      "D": "Blockchain verification"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": 4,
    "question": "Hardhat is:",
    "options": {
      "A": "An Ethereum development environment",
      "B": "A cryptocurrency",
      "C": "A blockchain",
      "D": "A consensus algorithm"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": 5,
    "question": "In Proof of Work, miners:",
    "options": {
      "A": "Stake coins",
      "B": "Solve complex mathematical puzzles",
      "C": "Vote on transactions",
      "D": "Create smart contracts"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": 6,
    "question": "In Ethereum, if two conflicting transactions attempt a double spend:",
    "options": {
      "A": "Both are accepted",
      "B": "Neither is accepted",
      "C": "A globally accepted order is selected and one is rejected",
      "D": "The sender loses all Ether"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": 7,
    "question": "A mnemonic (seed phrase) allows a user to:",
    "options": {
      "A": "Mine faster",
      "B": "Recover private keys",
      "C": "Increase gas fees",
      "D": "Modify blockchain rules"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": 8,
    "question": "In an AP (Availability + Partition tolerance) system, during a network partition the system:",
    "options": {
      "A": "Always returns consistent data",
      "B": "Stops operating",
      "C": "Removes inconsistent data",
      "D": "Returns possibly stale data"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": 9,
    "question": "Asynchronous communication primarily enables:",
    "options": {
      "A": "Tight coupling",
      "B": "Temporal coupling",
      "C": "Loose coupling",
      "D": "Direct memory access"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": 10,
    "question": "Why is Partition Tolerance (P) considered not-negotiable in real-world distributed systems?",
    "options": {
      "A": "Because users demand 100% availability",
      "B": "Because network failures that split a system are inevitable in the real world",
      "C": "Because it is the cheapest guarantee to implement",
      "D": "Because data consistency is only important in areas like banking"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": 11,
    "question": "How does Raft differ from basic Paxos in its approach to reaching consensus?",
    "options": {
      "A": "Raft was designed to work via a single elected leader",
      "B": "Raft is used for strong consistency, while Paxos is for eventual consistency",
      "C": "Raft does not require a majority of nodes to agree",
      "D": "Raft is mathematically impossible to implement"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": 12,
    "question": "Why are Paxos and Raft generally unsuitable for public blockchain networks?",
    "options": {
      "A": "They are too slow for blockchain use",
      "B": "They do not support data synchronization",
      "C": "They require specialized hardware to run",
      "D": "They assume all nodes are *honest* and operate in a trusted environment"
    }
  }
]